All Java programs are written in plain text — therefore you can write your Programs on any "TEXT EDITOR", "IDE" or "ONLINE COMPILERS". These 3 can be used to write Program in any language
Where and how to write java code :
Basically there are so many ways to write a java
code but here I am going to tell you 3 major ways which are mostly used to write java code , they are
:
Atom is a relatively new (released in 2015) an open source editor that works for Mac, Windows and Linux. This highly customizable text editor is supported by a community of committed developers, so you'll have access to dozens of plugins and themes. Atom even comes with a built-in tool for creating your own plugins. Since the editor was made exclusively with web technologies like HTML, JavaScript and CSS, any experienced web developer should feel right at home with Atom.
Like Atom, Visual Studio Code is still relatively new (also released in 2015) however has been successful in gaining quite a bit of traction since then. It is built to run cross-platform, has an extensive plugin ecosystem, and comes with a few welcoming features to make life easier including:
Built-in Git commands
IntelliSense, which goes beyond highlighting and autocompletion with smart completions
Debugging directly from the editor
VSCode has also shown to be faster than other popular text editors such as Atom. Furthermore, if you prefer to work with minimal distractions, you can also enable VSCode's "Zen Mode" which hides all menus/windows and maximizes the editor screen.
Brackets was made with web developers in mind. Consequently, there are versions of Brackets for Linux, Windows and Mac. Don't be deceived by the simple UI; Brackets supports dozens of keyboard shortcuts in addition to advanced features like split-screen editing. With the Live Preview feature, you can watch your web pages update in real time as you edit CSS and HTML files. Plugins provide additional support for things like W3C validation and Python tools.
As an upgraded version of the default Notepad for Windows, Notepad++ does everything its namesake can do and much more. It allows you to open documents in tabs so that you can edit multiple files without having to open and close them. You can also control all the tabs simultaneously to compare documents for differences, search for text and replace text.
Notepad++ only works with Windows devices, of course, but there is a mobile version available. There are also plenty of plugins you can download to set up auto-save features, merge text from multiple documents and much more.
TextMate is a great text editor exclusively for Mac users. This Apple Design Award-winning tool has all of the features you'd expect like search and replace, auto-indentation and word completion. You can code in any programming language, but TextMate also comes with a special tool specifically for building Xcode projects.
Vim was one of the best text editors when it was released in 1991, so the fact that it's on this list is a testament to this program's greatness. Even in 2018, developers are still producing new scripts and updates. Due to the editor's age, documentation and tutorials about Vim are easy to find. Vim works on all major platforms.
In addition to tabbed browsing, Komodo Edit offers numerous UI options to make editing as convenient as possible. For example, Focus Mode hides all other open windows so that you can concentrate on coding. Alternatively, you can choose to view folders on the side of the editor. An underrated but much-appreciated feature is the button that lets you return to your previous cursor location. If you need more advanced functionality like debugging, unit testing and code refactoring, check out
2. Any IDE ( Integrated Development
Environment )
1) Eclipse
Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) which is used for almost every language using Plugins. Currently, it consists of more than 150 projects covering different aspects of software development.
Tool Features:
It is an Open source development environment that runs in the cloud.
Apart from Java, it supports other languages using plug-ins like C, C++, Perl, Python, and JavaScript.
It has SDK for Java development tools, which in turn helps the Java developers and supports development for Tomcat, GlassFish, and many other servers.
This tool is more popular and is widely used everywhere in organizations. It makes code simple, easy to understand and debug.
Pros:
Easy to write, compile, and debug.
Industrial level of Development.
Extendable and Configurable.
Cross Platform.
Cons:
For supporting other languages, you have to install plug-ins.
Graphical design plugins usually work only on the Eclipse for Java or Eclipse for Mobile development release.
Pricing: It’s free of cost. As it is an open source, anyone can use it without paying.
NetBeans is another IDE which is used for developing java codes. It runs on almost every platform like Windows, Linux, Solaris, and MacOS. Like Eclipse it is also an open source environment and can be used to develop other programming languages like C, C++, JavaScript etc.
Features:
It is a framework that is used for the development of Java Swing desktop application.
Used for saving and loading any type of data.
Supports step by step dialogues for Wizard Framework.
Open source Integrated development tools.
Pros:
It has IDM i.e. Integrated Development modules for Java.
It has a drag and drops component as Buttons and Textboxes.
Easy to develop Swing GUI for desktop applications.
It gives hints on code optimization while debugging and inserts the right code by itself.
Cons:
Takes more time to load when compared to other IDEs.
Memory allocation is more than the other IDEs.
Pricing: It’s free of cost. As it is an open source, anyone can use it without paying.
It is a Testing Framework for a Java programming language. It is an open source Testing framework which has linked JAR at compile time. It is used to create Test Cases.
Features:
It is an open source framework that is used for writing and running test cases for testing.
You can write codes quickly and efficiently for testing.
It has test suits which contain test cases and other test suits.
If the test passes it shows a green bar and if a test fails it shows a red bar.
Tests Run automatically and give immediate feedback for results.
Pros:
Regression Management.
Better Understanding of code and test cases.
Helps to define the code behavior.
Cons:
No guarantee for better Quality.
Only helps with the bugs which you have found.
Pricing: As it is an open source, anyone can use it without paying.
It is an open source framework that is used for large scale applications across clustered computers.
It is also called as a parallel processing framework and can handle both batch and real-time data processing workloads. It is developed to speed up processing jobs in Hadoop Systems.
It is an alternative to MapReduce which were tied earlier with Hadoop. It is written in Scala language for interacting with spark core engine. It is faster than MapReduce and that the reason for which Apache Spark is running successfully.
Features:
It is dynamic in nature.
A high data processing speed of about 100x faster in memory and 10x faster on disk.
Re-usability of code.
Used for fault-tolerance.
Used for both batch and real-time data processing.
It supports multiple languages like Java, Scala, Python etc.
It is integrated with Hadoop systems.
Pros:
It is very fast and dynamic.
It can perform streaming, Machine learning, and SparkSql.
Cons:
It does not have a file management system, therefore, is integrated with Hadoop.
Can’t do for a small file, and problems arise.
Less number of algorithms are present.
Pricing: As it is an open source, anyone can use it without paying.
It is used for Testing and is an open source framework which is written in Java programming language. It is an
automation server-based system that runs java servlet such as Apache Tomcat. This software helps the developer to
find and solve defects in the code and automate it.
Features:
Simple, User-friendly, Extensible open source tool.
Plugins are introduced and that, in turn, is simple to use.
Easy Upgrades and installation.
Free open source tool.
It also supports build pipelines.
Pros:
Flexible and integrates with all major tools to work
effectively.
A wide range of plugins.
Open source and is easy to learn, understand and use.
It has integrated APIs.
Cons:
We cannot predict the cost of Jenkins software.
No Collaboration of one developer to another team member.
Single user Management.
Plugins are there but that is not enough for an end to end
deployment of software.
Pricing: As it is an open
source, anyone can use it without paying.
It is an IDE developed by JetBrains. It is available as an Apache2 Licensed Community edition and Proprietary
edition in the market for developers. It supports code refactoring. It is written in Java programming language and
is available as an open source environment.
Features:
It supports Version Control.
It also supports other build tools like Maven, ant, Gradle
etc.
It is used to perform unit testing which is easy to
understand.
It has built-in decompiler.
Supports application servers like Apache Tomcat, WebLogic,
Glassfish etc.
Supports many languages like JavaScript, SQL, Scala, Groovy
etc.
It has Keyboard shortcuts for an editor, windows tools etc.
It finds out the duplication present in the code which thereby
helps to optimize code.
Pros:
Auto-refactoring.
Used in live templates.
Consistent
Support for Groovy and Clojure.
Easy Debugging.
Cons:
Plugins present is smaller than other IDEs.
A smaller ecosystem is there.
It may cost high for supporting other programming languages.
Pricing: As it is an open
source, anyone can use it without paying.
It is used for developing apps on every type of Android device. It is an Integrated Development Environment that
is available as an open source for apps developer. It supports multiple operating systems like Windows, MacOS,
Linux. etc.
It supports all the programming languages of IntelliJ Idea as well as Java. It is easy to code & debug and has
instant build/deploy system. It is developed by Google and is used to make the majority of the apps that you use
on a daily basis. It has drag and drop features available to develop an android application.
Features:
It supports the Gradle system.
It has android based refactoring.
Template-based wizards.
Layout and color preview editor.
It has pro-guard capabilities.
Pros:
Open source environment.
Modules present include Application modules, Library modules,
and Test modules.
Dependent on jars.
The compilation is fast.
It is also used for Unit Testing.
Cons:
Developers have to always keep themselves updated to the new
Android Version.
Some apps don’t have Ubuntu versions and Windows version.
Takes a little bit extra time to open the Android Studio IDE.
It is a project management tool based on the concept of the Project Object Model (POM).
It is used to build an Automation tool for java projects. It describes both dependencies and builds of the
software. Code compilation is easy in Maven. It downloads java libraries & Maven plug-ins and stores them in a
local cache.
It supports more than one programming language like C#, Ruby, Scala etc. If a developer wants to use other
programming languages like Scala or Ruby then they have to install the related plug-ins for that.
Features:
Performance is improved because of its better speed.
Introduces Parallel-builds.
Improvement in Error Reporting and supports Backward
Compatibility.
No need to specify the parent version in the sub-modules, as
it will automatically do that.
Pros:
Ability to extract libraries from repositories.
High speed.
Dependencies are automatically downloaded.
All builds and dependencies are combined in the Maven spec and
forced in the source code with the developer code.
Simple structure.
You can automatically get Javadoc of all JARs and you can run
the unit test.
The code can be maintained and modularized.
Cons:
Basic knowledge of Maven is required.
Support for Android is lacking a little bit as some of the
android projects doesn’t follow the maven project.
Some of the JARs that are not there in the Maven libraries
have to be installed manually.
Pricing: As it is an open
source, anyone can use it without paying.
It is a new revolutionary tool that is based on the Groovy programming language.
It is an open source automation tool. It is based on the concept of Apache Ant and Apache Maven. It is based on a
directed acyclic graph (DAG). It is used for multi-project and multi-artifact builds. Automatic download and
configuration dependencies or libraries.
Features:
Very flexible and extensible.
Built-in plug-ins for Java, Groovy, Scala etc.
Comes with DSL which is based on Groovy language.
Deep and rich API for managing projects, tasks, dependency
artifacts etc.
Free and open source.
Pros:
Support for dependency management and builds.
Migration is easy due to its dependency and builds.
Fast in speed.
Easy to read and use.
Stable, documented and is easy to install.
Cons:
Startup time is slower in Gradle.
Unbearable performance.
Build system is not very useful and error-prone.
Pricing: As it is an open
source, anyone can use it without paying.
It is an open source IDE created by Xinox Software for java. It is a light-weight IDE for Java developers. Its
interface looks like Microsoft Visual Studio and is used with JDK (Java Development Kit).
It has a wide range of functionalities like Project templates, project management, debugger interface, code
completion, multiple compilers, and customized user interface. It is written in C++ Programming language. It
involves the direct compilation of code and is easy to run.
Features:
Open source, free to use.
Easy compilation and code completion.
Supports all Windows version.
Pro version of Jcreator is free for use.
Wizards help to write code quickly and easily.
Classpath configuration is automatic.
Easy debugging.
Pros:
Easy to use.
Open source IDE.
Uses color schemes for the project.
Various types of JDK profiles can be used by Jcreator.
Project Templates help to write the code quickly.
Cons:
Only used for Windows version.
Three editions are available i.e. Lite, Pro, and Lite-Pro, out
of which only Lite-Pro is free to use.
Does not have extensibility via third-party plugins.
Pricing:
Pro Edition (Pro): Costs $89
after a 30-day trial.
Lite Edition (LE): Costs $35
after a 30-day trial.
Codiva.io is our top pick for online Java compiler. It is new to this game, but it has some cool features.
The single biggest feature of Codiva is, it compiles as you type, parses the compilation errors and shows it in
editor. By the time, you complete typing, you get the compilation results.
It also has a pretty good autocompletion. These two features will save you a lot of time when coding.
Codiva supports multiple files and packages, and can have custom file names. You can also run interactive
programs. So most of the topics for beginners learning Java and Algorithms course can be completed with Codiva
itself.
Codiva is also the only IDE that works reasonably well on mobile.
Some disadvantages of Codiva are, it supports only Java, C and C++, doesn’t offer UI themes, or different compiler
settings. Codiva supports Java 9, but doesn’t support Java 9 Modules. Of course no other online compilers support
Java 9 modules either.
Autocompletion and error handling in Codiva
Overall, it is a great tool to code in Java. Try the Codiva.io online Java compiler here.
JDoodle is a popular online compiler for Java. It started for Java, but now supports almost 70 languages. JDoodle
allows only a single file but you don’t have to specify any filename. It finds it by parsing the file contents.
JDoodle has excellent terminal support for running interactive programs. By default, the programs are run in
non-interactive mode with 10s limit. But you can switch to interactive mode if required for each project.
If you are a kind of a person who learns a lot of programming languages, or switches between multiple languages
often, JDoodle would be a great choice.
For Java, the major disadvantage for JDoodle compared to Codiva is, you have to manually click compile every time
you finish the code. Then read through the error messages, find the line number, and go back to the editor. You
will find it annoying if you have used a desktop IDE or coded with Codiva before.
The second disadvantage is, it only supports one file. If you are using it for programming course, then the
concept of packages, encapsulation, etc cannot be taught.
Despite these drawbacks, JDoodle is a great site. It is popular for a reason.
Rextester started as a Regular Expression Tester, later grew to be an online IDE. It supports around 30 languages
including Java, but it is more popular among C# users.
Rextester allows switching between multiple editor widgets to suit your preference.
It has one of the best live collaboration support. Just share the URL, start typing. Multiple users can edit at
the same time, and so far, I haven’t seen a glitch.
Rextester supports only a single file, and the class should be named Rextester. Also, the class should NOT be made
public. At the time of writing this, it supports only Java 8.
Online GDB is the online tool that supports a built-in debugger. If you write some complex program, and have to
debug in case of an error, the debugger will come in handy.
You can set a breakpoint, and when running the code, it will stop at that line, and progress through the code step
by step, and see the intermediate variable values.
It also has a built-in code-formatter, that formats the code automatically to a decently formatted code, but you
cannot define your preferred code style though.
It supports only Java 8. The compilation is a bit slow, but it is still worth trying.
Ideone is one of the first online compilers that are still around. So it deserves an honorable mention.
It supports around 60+ languages. Ideone hasn’t been updated to support Java 9. IDEOne provides an API for
compilation as a service, that you can use to build your own online IDE to be used on your website.
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